The Surprising Problem for the Wizards

wall frustrated

One of The Official Narratives of the 2015-16 Washington Wizards season is that point guard John Wall is terrific, but is getting sideswiped by a substandard supporting cast. Last month, The Washington Post’s Dan Steinberg lamented that, “The saddest thing here is that the Wizards might be in the process of sacrificing a year of John Wall’s prime.”

In Michael Lee’s excellent article at Yahoo!, Wall echoed Steinberg, saying: “I ain’t trying to waste a season.”

Adam McGinnis and I touched on the subject during our podcast last week.

Alas, as is the case with many Official Narratives, there are problems.

On a per-possession basis, Wall isn’t Washington’s most productive player. That honor goes to center Marcin Gortat. Because Wall plays five more minutes per game than Gortat, Wall leads the team in total production.
Wall is not an elite player.
The overall production difference between Wall (Washington’s top producer) and Gortat (second in total production) has been vastly overstated.
The quality of Wall’s “supporting cast” isn’t bad.

Wall’s PPA (see below) is 148 this year. Among players with at least 500 minutes this season, he ranks 54th. Among point guards, he ranks 11th. Wall has had stretches of dominant play, but his performance continues to be plagued by the same bugaboos he’s had throughout his career: turnovers, poor shot selection and poor shooting. Gortat, by the way, ranks 29th in PPA.

Wall isn’t an elite player. For the past few seasons seasons (including this one, most of the year), he’s rated as a top 8-10 point guard and a top 40-50 player overall. That’s very good, but well short of the impact from elite point guards and elite players. He could be great — he was in December, for example. But his performance game-to-game is a mix of fantastic and horrible. Which averages out to very good, not elite.

The average PPA of top total producers for each team is 179 — 31 points better than Wall. Among those top 30 producers, Wall ranks 24th in per possession production — ahead of Carmelo Anthony, Rajon Rondo, Nerlens Noel, Gordon Hayward, Tyson Chandler and Jordan Clarkson.

The average top producer has provided 22.0% of his team’s production. Wall is about average at 21.8%.

The average gap between a top producer and his team’s “number two” is about 4.5%. For Wall and Gortat, it’s 2.7%. Want a player who actually fits The Official Narrative? Try New Orleans where Anthony Davis has a PPA of 189, provides 26.3% of his team’s production, and (at 13.2%) sports the biggest drop to his team’s second most productive.

Since you’re wondering, the top five in total production shares:

Stephen Curry, GSW — 29.6%
Russell Westbrook, OKC — 26.7%
James Harden, HOU — 26.4%
Lebron James, CLE — 26.3%
Anthony Davis, NOP — 26.3%

And, here’s the top five in drop-off to “number two”:

Anthony Davis, NOP — 13.2%
Stephen Curry, GSW — 12.7%
James Harden, HOU — 8.5%
Kawhi Leonard, SAS — 8.3%
Kyle Lowry, TOR — 8.2%

Wall and the Wizards are 20th.

That’s all fine, you might be saying, but The Official Narrative isn’t necessarily that Wall’s “Robin” sucks, it’s that the roster lacks depth. That lack of depth means Wall has to carry a heavier load than other franchise leaders. Unfortunately, this is also wrong.

For this question, I calculated minutes-weighted PPA (mwPPA) for each team — after deducting the production of its top player. mwPPA provides a handy way of measuring the relative quality of each team’s roster.

The league average “supporting cast” posted an mwPPA of 92. The Wizards rank 14th so far this season with a 93. Since you were wondering, here’s the top five in supporting cast mwPPA:

SAS — 124
GSW — 121
ATL — 107
OKC — 105
BOS — 104

So, to recap:

Wall isn’t elite.
The gap between Wall’s total production and Gortat’s is smaller than average for a number one to a number two.
The Wizards “supporting cast” is mediocre, not terrible.

The real problem for the Wizards is in that first bullet. Their problem: they don’t have an elite player.

Player Production Average

The ratings below are from a metric I developed called Player Production Average (PPA). In PPA, players are credited for things they do that help a team win, and debited for things that don’t, each in proportion to what causes teams to win and lose. PPA is pace neutral, accounts for defense, and includes an adjustment based on the level of competition faced when a player is on the floor. In PPA, average is 100, higher is better, and replacement level is 45.

League-wide PPA scores through games played 3/14/16 are here.

PLAYER	GMS	MPG	11/10	11/22	12/3	12/13	12/21	12/30	1/6	1/13	1/27	2/11	3/1	3/14
Marcin Gortat	60	30.2	91	112	128	133	132	138	147	145	148	151	172	169
John Wall	66	35.9	153	129	136	168	157	157	149	144	142	146	153	148
Otto Porter	59	30.1	144	158	104	116	107	115	122	127	130	130	134	126
Jared Dudley	65	27.7	36	92	90	85	98	103	100	105	99	104	106	98
J.J. Hickson	6	7.5	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	-14	96
Bradley Beal	42	30.6	128	108	96	87	87	86	85	86	98	108	94	94
Nene Hilario	42	18.8	58	90	80	74	79	78	79	88	92	84	86	90
Alan Anderson	8	14.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	97	90
Ramon Sessions	66	20.3	131	119	84	90	87	89	88	91	90	89	88	85
Markieff Morris	14	26.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	41	58
Garrett Temple	64	25.4	38	106	57	54	70	63	68	79	79	69	59	56
Jarell Eddie	21	4.7	–	–	–	–	–	153	119	113	110	86	68	51
Kelly Oubre	53	10.7	-103	-4	-40	-44	9	37	43	39	36	29	22	25
Drew Gooden	28	10.6	99	51	57	56	56	56	38	47	34	31	26	22
Marcus Thornton	3	15.0	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	-6
Ryan Hollins	5	9.6	–	–	-40	60	59	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Kris Humphries	28	16.6	90	121	95	80	78	76	79	79	78	76	–	–
Gary Neal	40	20.2	23	49	64	75	78	74	75	78	71	70	69	69
DeJuan Blair	29	7.5	-345	-129	-112	-45	-34	-38	-38	-28	-6	-15	–	–

Wizards Update: All-Star Edition

All-Star rosters will be released tonight, and while Wizards point guard John Wall will likely be selected, he’s borderline at best, and wouldn’t make the team if I was making the picks. I’ve looked at the numbers several different ways — total production, per game production, per minute production — and Wall remains just on the fringes of the All-Star roster.

This is in no small part because of the fan vote, which picked the starters in each conference. In the East, at least according to my analysis, Dwyane Wade, Paul George and Carmelo Anthony are undeserving of All-Star status — even as reserves. This pushes all guards down one spot, and all front-court players down two. In my analysis, the next guard up for the East: John Wall. The next front-court guys: Greg Monroe and Al Horford.

In the West, the only poor choice was Kobe Bryant, who received a career achievement honorific. The next deserving front-court player was Blake Griffin, whose injury would have pushed to next man up Dwight Howard.

Here’s the way Player Production Average (my metric, see below) would divvy up the teams:

POS	EAST	WEST
G	Kyle Lowry	Stephen Curry
G	Dwyane Wade	Russell Westbrook
F	Lebron James	Kobe Bryant
F	Paul George	Kevin Durant
F	Carmelo Anthony	Kawhi Leonard
G	Jimmy Butler	Chris Paul
G	Kemba Walker	James Harden
F	Paul Millsap	Draymond Green
F	Hassan Whiteside	Anthony Davis
F	Andre Drummond	DeAndre Jordan
G	Isaiah Thomas	Damian Lillard
F	Chris Bosh	Derrick Favors

My guess is that Wall will probably be chosen over Walker and that Horford will make it over Whiteside. In the West, I’d anticipate Thompson over Lillard and Howard or Demarcus Cousins over Favors.

Those Mediocre Wizards

Talk about the Wizards potentially becoming trade deadline “sellers” inspired me to apply my “Real Trade Value” toy in an all-new way to measure the team’s pervasive mediocrity.

I haven’t written much about Real Trade Value, which is still a work-in-progress. RTV attempts to determine the trade value of each player in relation to the league’s MVP. In RTV, there’s accounting for age (younger players get a bonus; older players get a deduction), and total production and per minute production are given equal weight. So, RTV “likes” players who are young, productive and durable.

There’s no accounting (yet) for contract or position.

In RTV, the top value (this year it’s Stephen Curry) is set at 1,000. Other players are scaled beneath. The idea is similar to the NFL draft pick value sheet. A theoretical trade for Curry would cost 1,000 RTV points. Here are the players closest to each 100-point mark:

1,000 — Stephen Curry
900 — Kawhi Leonard
800 — no one (here’s how outlandish Curry and Leonard have been: Curry’s RTV is 1,000; Leonard’s is 878; next closest is Westbrook at 721)
700 — Russell Westbrook, Andre Drummond, Kevin Durant, Karl-Anthony Towns, Anthony Davis
600 — Greg Monroe, Hassan Whiteside
500 — Al Horford, Kevin Love, Derrick Favors, Paul George, Clint Capela, Chris Bosh
400 — Zaza Pachulia, Mike Conley, C.J. McCollum, LaMarcus Aldridge, Enes Kanter
300 — Ryan Anderson, Bismack Biyombo, T.J. McConnell, Jrue Holiday, Jeff Teague
200 — Trevor Booker, Kyle Anderson, Frank Kaminsky, Jeremy Lin, Ramon Sessions
100 — Mike Muscala, Jamal Crawford, E’Twaun Moore, Jameer Nelson, Kevin Martin
0 — Vince Carter, Sasah Vujacic, Emmanuel Mudiay, Markieff Morris

Got all that? There’ll be a quiz later.

In terms of actual trade value, contracts and position almost certainly need to be included. But, for looking at franchise health — weighing productivity and health vs. age — it works reasonably well.

Here’s a table with the results, sorted by conference.

TEAM	CONF	NBA RANK	CONF RANK	FRANCHISE HEALTH INDEX
BOS	E	5	1	77
ORL	E	6	2	75
ATL	E	7	3	74
TOR	E	8	4	74
CLE	E	10	5	71
MIL	E	12	6	70
IND	E	13	7	69
CHO	E	14	8	69
WAS	E	19	9	65
NYK	E	20	10	65
DET	E	21	11	64
MIA	E	24	12	62
CHI	E	25	13	62
PHI	E	27	14	59
BRK	E	28	15	59
GSW	W	1	1	100
OKC	W	2	2	89
SAS	W	3	3	84
UTA	W	4	4	78
NOP	W	9	5	72
DEN	W	11	6	70
HOU	W	15	7	69
LAC	W	16	8	69
POR	W	17	9	68
MIN	W	18	10	67
SAC	W	22	11	63
PHO	W	23	12	63
DAL	W	26	13	61
MEM	W	29	14	52
LAL	W	30	15	52

The last column is a “franchise health” index where the top team (Golden State) is set at 100 and other teams are scaled below. The Wizards rank 19th overall and 9th in the East. League average “index” score is 69, indicating they rate a little below average.

IF this measure has any predictive value at the team level (and that’s a HUGE “if” because I’ve done precisely zero research on that question), the Wizards have significant work ahead of them to upgrade the roster.

Player Production Average

The ratings below are a from a metric I developed called Player Production Average (PPA). In PPA, players are credited for things they do that help a team win, and debited for things that don’t, each in proportion to what causes teams to win and lose. PPA is pace neutral, accounts for defense, and includes an adjustment based on the level of competition faced when a player is on the floor. In PPA, average is 100, higher is better, and replacement level is 45.

League-wide PPA scores through games played 01/27/16 are here.

PLAYER	GMS	MPG	11/10	11/22	12/3	12/13	12/21	12/30	1/6	1/13	1/27
Marcin Gortat	37	31.7	91	112	128	133	132	138	147	145	148
John Wall	43	35.7	153	129	136	168	157	157	149	144	142
Otto Porter	36	32.1	144	158	104	116	107	115	122	127	130
Jarell Eddie	11	6.9	–	–	–	–	–	153	119	113	110
Jared Dudley	42	28.7	36	92	90	85	98	103	100	105	99
Bradley Beal	22	32.9	128	108	96	87	87	86	85	86	98
Nene Hilario	22	18.4	58	90	80	74	79	78	79	88	92
Ramon Sessions	43	21.2	131	119	84	90	87	89	88	91	90
Garrett Temple	41	24.7	38	106	57	54	70	63	68	79	79
Kris Humphries	27	17.1	90	121	95	80	78	76	79	79	78
Gary Neal	35	21.1	23	49	64	75	78	74	75	78	71
Kelly Oubre	36	13.4	-103	-4	-40	-44	9	37	43	39	36
Drew Gooden	14	13.8	99	51	57	56	56	56	38	47	34
DeJuan Blair	26	7.9	-345	-129	-112	-45	-34	-38	-38	-28	-6
Ryan Hollins	5	9.6	–	–	-40	60	59	–	–	–	–

The numbers aren’t too encouraging. Wall has followed up his Player of the Month December with a thoroughly meh January. If the Wizards are going to get back in contention for a spot in the playoffs, they need something closer to the December Wall than they’ve been getting.

Should the Wizards Fire Randy Wittman?

I was all set to write a piece arguing that it would be pointless to fire Randy Wittman. Yeah, he’s not a good coach, but in my view the team is performing about as I expected. The Wizards are neither good nor bad. They’re mediocre. Or, looked at another way, the Wizards are BOTH good and bad. Which is merely another way of saying the same thing: this is an average team.

They are what their talent says they are. I don’t believe that any coach could come in and transmogrify this roster into a…well…what exactly? a contender for the third seed? Blech.

What would “fix” the Wizards? Fewer two-point jumpers? More screen/roll with John Wall and Marcin Gortat? Better defined roles? A rotation that somehow includes developmental minutes for Otto Porter? A more solid defensive scheme? More consistent effort? Sure, any or all.

Some of that could be influenced by the coach, some not. My position has been that Wittman is a problem, not The Problem. And, “The Problem” is that the team doesn’t have enough talent, which is a result of a series of bad decisions by the front office. My thinking has been this: Don’t let Ernie Grunfeld off the hook. Make him live with the success or failure of the team he assembled — players AND coaches.

Except, let’s look at reality. Owner Ted Leonsis set the franchise goal for the season: Make the playoffs. In very large part because of a historically weak Eastern Conference, the Wizards will almost certainly accomplish that goal. While they’d be roughly the 11th best team in the West, they’re 5th or 6th best in the East. It would take a catastrophic collapse over their final 29 games to miss the postseason.

Assuming Leonsis is a man of his word, Grunfeld will be retained in the offseason. It’s difficult to envision a scenario in which Washington makes the playoffs and Leonsis doesn’t bring back Grunfeld and The Coach.

I use “The Coach” intentionally, because the question for Wizards fans is whether you want to root for a team that’s stuck with Grunfeld and Wittman or a team that’s stuck with Grunfeld and Someone Else. My feeling is that Someone Else — whether it’s an interim coach who’s replaced by a “permanent” hire after the season or whether it’s an interim coach who “succeeds” and keeps the job — will be a better long-term option for the Wizards than Wittman.

So, even though Wittman has been saddled with a roster that doesn’t include a single player that ranks among the league’s 40 most productive players (Trevor Ariza is the highest rated Wizards player at 44), count me among the fans who’d like to see a new coach. Now.

Moving on to the update… The table below presents results from my Player Production Average (PPA) metric. PPA credits players for things that contribute to winning and debits them for things that don’t — each in proper proportion. PPA is pace adjusted, accounts for defense and includes a degree of difficulty factor. In PPA, 100 = average, higher is better and 45 = replacement level.

PLAYER	GMS	MPG	LW	PPA
Trevor Ariza	48	35.8	152	148
John Wall	53	37.1	149	140
Marcin Gortat	53	32.4	139	139
Trevor Booker	43	20.2	125	118
Nene Hilario	46	30.3	103	103
Martell Webster	51	29.1	94	91
Bradley Beal	44	33.2	86	90
Jan Vesely	32	14.7	72	69
Chris Singleton	14	10.6	60	60
Kevin Seraphin	40	11.8	32	44
Glen Rice	11	9.9	21	21
Garrett Temple	51	11.5	13	20
Eric Maynor	23	9.3	8	8
Al Harrington	7	18.6	6	6
Otto Porter	23	9.3	4	-4

When looking at these numbers, keep in mind that PPA scores in the 140-150 range (like Ariza and Wall) are nowhere near elite levels of production. A typical MVP-quality season would have a PPA of 230 or better. This season’s MVP is likely to be Kevin Durant with a PPA of 261 (so far). Last season, Lebr0n James posted the best PPA in my database with a 284.

Wall had a feel-good All-Star weekend winning the dunk contest and playing well in the game. But, if he played in the West, he wouldn’t have been part of the All-Star discussion. He continues to have All-World potential, but his actual production is good — not great.

Biggest improvers in this update were Kevin Seraphin and Garrett Temple. Seraphin is now at replacement level. Temple continues to be among the league’s weakest PGs, but is at least a little less bad than he’d been.

Wall’s performance slumped leading into the All-Star break. Perhaps he was distracted by the coming festivities? Nenê’s production continues to hover around league average. Martell Webster’s play declined for a sixth consecutive update.

Era Translations: Oscar Robertson and Lebron James

When people try to compare players across eras in the NBA, they inevitably run up against the reality that the game has changed in fundamental ways. At the most basic level, teams shoot a lot less — but at a better percentage than they did in the 1960s.

In 1961-62, Wilt Chamberlain famously averaged 50 points and 25 rebounds for an entire season, but in a league that averaged 8619 field goal attempts per team. Last season, the league averaged 6660 FGA per team — about 23% fewer shot attempts. In 61-62, the league shot 42.9% from the floor. In 10-11, the league shot 45.9%.

That means an extra 600+ missed shots available for rebound in Wilt’s era. Another 600+ assist opportunities (although assists were awarded less liberally back then).

So, do we just give up? Do we trot out the old, “You just can’t compare eras…” trope?

Inspired by a question from my son, I dusted off my era translator spreadsheet and took a look at Oscar Robertson and Lebron James. My method is simple (at least I think so). It looks at a player’s share of his own team’s production and then applies that share to a hypothetical team’s production — in a different era. I swear it’s simpler than it sounds.

Let’s take Oscar Robertson’s monster 1961-62 season. This is the year the Big O averaged a triple-double for the year — 30.8 points, 12.5 rebounds and 11.4 assists per game. Another way of looking at those numbers is to say that Robertson scored 25% of his team’s points, grabbed 17% of his team’s rebounds, and dealt 42% of his team’s assists.

Apply those percentages to the average team in the 2011-12 NBA, and we get per game averages of 24.0 points, 7.5 rebounds and 8.7 assists. Not a triple-double, but still a monster player — a Lebron James-esque figure in today’s NBA.

So, what happens if we go the other direction and translate Lebron’s stats to Oscar Robertson’s team in 1961-62?

This year for Miami, Lebron has scored 26% of the points, grabbed 18% of the rebounds, and delivered 31% of the assists. Translation: 32.7 points, 13.3 rebounds and 8.7 assists in Oscar’s era.

And there you have it — players compared across eras. Not by comparing skills or imagining what Lebron would be like if he was transported via time machine back to 1961, or what Robertson would be like if he’d been born in 1984 like Lebron. Instead, look at each player’s relative contributions to his own team and compare their relative dominance over the players of each player’s own era. Those impacts can be compared.

And in that comparison we can see that Lebron has an Oscar-like impact on today’s game. Kinda cool if you ask me.

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